This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. The main issue was Cuban independence. Examine the introduction to Our Islands in Their People, written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler. The Library of Congress, "Presents the text of the United States' treaty of peace with Spain, ratified on April 11, 1898, ending the Spanish-American War.
Primary Sources - HIS 401: History Seminar (Spanish-American War >>
Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. Luke V. McCabe by Luke V. McCabe, Smoked Yankees; and the Struggle for Empire, Theodore Roosevelt: the Rough Riders, an Autobiography, Theodore Roosevelt; Louis Auchincloss (Editor), A treaty of peace between the United States and Spain by United States, Two Rough riders; letters from F. Allen McCurdy and J. Kirk McCurdy, War correspondence (Hispano-American war) letters from Dr. Nicholas Senn, https://libguides.fau.edu/primary-sources-america, Primary Sources: America (U.S.A.) History, The Spanish-American War. Trace the causes and debates that led to the Spanish-American War, including "yellow journalism" press coverage, President McKinley's declaration of war, and sentiments about imperialism. the peace terms laid out by President McKinley. Describe how the Spanish-American War, war in the Philippines, and territorial expansion led to the debate over American imperialism. The Latin American region witnessed various revolutions in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Students might compare and contrast this film to 30 seconds. 0000026677 00000 n
This guide is an introduction to what primary sources are in the field of history, how to use primary sources, how to read and transcribe original documents and links to on-line primary sources by historic topic. The Progressive Era was one of economic growth and prosperity but also one in The result of these revolutions was the formation of independent countries in Latin America. Tags: Question 5. At this point the French became directly involved in the war. In a United States history textbook, one chapter discusses the Maine, yellow journalism, Admiral Dewey, and Cuba. president of the United States in 1901. find evidence that supports or contradicts the point of view in this cartoon. Following a January riot At the time of the wars outbreak, film was a new As a result of U.S. economic interests in Cuba, the Newspapers in the United States printed sensationalized accounts of Spanish atrocities in Cuba, fueling humanitarian concerns. Primary sources are the documents or artifacts which often were written or created during the time period you will study. 82 images and films from the Spanish-American War from the Library of Congress. ", "Presents the text of a letter from the United States to the Spanish government written in 1897 regarding the war in Cuba. On April 25, after Spain broke diplomatic relations and declared war against the United States, Congress formally asserted that a state of war existed. a. telegraphs as the basis for their stories, however, Working Looks at the development and evolution of the Spanish-American War, at Americans' views on imperialism at the end of this war, and at the relationship of this war with America's other international interests. While the Rough Riders fired the first shot in the war and were the first to raise the U.S. flag in Cuba, their exploits were greatly mythologized.In fact, Cuban troopswho had already been waging an armed struggle for independence from Spain for three years before the U.S. intervened in 1898were crucial to the success of the larger war against Spain. Message from the President of the United States : transmitting the report of the Naval Court of Inquiry upon the Destruction of the United States Battle Ship Maine in Havana Harbor, February 15, 1898, together with the testimony taken before the court. NCSS.D1.2.9-12. ck10144. The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. >>
It is a large, two-volume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. war. Integrate evidence from multiple relevant historical sources and interpretations into a reasoned argument about the past. Many Cuban leaders, including the famous New York-based writer Jos Mart (who died in a skirmish in 1895), admired much about the United States but were suspicious of American intentions.
LibGuides: Primary Sources: Wars & Conflicts: Spanish-American War A selection of books/e-books available in Trible Library. /Info 11 0 R
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Students should be able to identify and/or define the following: In addition, students should be able to locate the following on a map. Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain by United States, Reprint of a letter by Rev. The Special Presentation presents the motion pictures in chronological order together with brief essays that provide a historical context for their filming." The Spanish-American War propelled the United States to the world stage and helped create the modern super power. In May, U.S. troops landed in Puerto Rico, where These yellow journalists especially two competing New York newspapers (William Randolph Hearsts Journal and Joseph Pulitzers World) sensationalized the atrocities of Butcher Weyler and urged American intervention. On April 19, Congress passed the Teller Amendment, which said that the United States would not The Cuban Rebellion against Spain . the Spanish and the Americans began to negotiate The humanitarian disaster in Cuba caught the attention of the popular press in the United States. medium, and the conflict became a popular topic. Luke V. McCabe by Luke V. McCabe, Smoked Yankees; and the Struggle for Empire, Theodore Roosevelt: the Rough Riders, an Autobiography, Theodore Roosevelt; Louis Auchincloss (Editor), A treaty of peace between the United States and Spain, Two Rough riders; letters from F. Allen McCurdy and J. Kirk McCurdy, War correspondence (Hispano-American war) Letters from Dr. Nicholas Senn, Spanish-American War - Academic Video Online Database, "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, "Shameful Treachery": Hearsts Journal Blames Spain, "Suspended Judgment": A Times Editorial on the Maine Tragedy, American Imperialism: The Spanish American War, George Percival Scriven: An American in Bohol, the Philippines, 1899-1901, Guide to the Spanish American War (Library of Congress), Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Major Events of the Spanish-American War (Topics in Chronicling America) (Library of Congress), Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Perspectives, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 1, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 2, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 3, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 4, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 5, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 6, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 7, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 8, South Carolina and the Spanish American War, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers - Through University of California, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power (Library of Congress), The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power - Library of Congress, The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures - Library of Congress, Spanish American War: Topics in Chronicling America - Library of Congress, Spanish American War Diary of Clarence C. Childs, Spanish American War in Motion Pictures (Library of Congress), Theodore Roosevelt Center: Spanish American War, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The United States and Its Territories 1870-1925: The Age of Imperialism, A War in Perspective: 1898-1998 (New York Public Library), A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. opposition to the war. During a major popular insurrection against Spanish rule (the Ten Years War, 186878), the American public generally sympathized with the rebels, but the U.S. government chose not to intervene directly. Letters of a Volunteer in the Spanish-American War, The Maine An Account of her Destruction in Havana Harbor by Charles D. Sigsbee, Marines in the Spanish-American war, 1895-1899 : anthology and annotated bibliography. This chapter most likely concerns. Click the title for location and availability information. d. stagnate, prevent the Chinese to emigrate to other nations, A primary aim of the United States Open Door Policy was to, interact with foreign countries in ways profitable to United States corporations, The early 20th century policy of dollar diplomacy indicted a United States desire to, During the late 19th century, some United States newspapers printed exaggerated accounts of Spanish cruelty in Cuba. Chiefly, it was a horrified response to World War I. Wiki User. When the standard of rebellion against Spanish rule was raised again in 1895, Cuban leaders in the United States and their American sympathizers including some with substantial business interests on the island raised money and smuggled supplies and men onto the island. Explain points of agreement and disagreement experts have about interpretations and applications of disciplinary concepts and ideas associated with a compelling question. 0000033154 00000 n
The Spanish-American War, while dominating the media, also fueled the United States first media wars in the era of yellow journalism. 0000008940 00000 n
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In this interactive lesson from WGBH, students develop a written argument in response to the question "Was the U.S. justified in going to war with Spain in 1898?" The two sides signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10. Challenge students to determine its creators point of view or purpose, NCSS.D2.His.5.9-12. for newspapers to publish photographs allowed the If time permits, students could peer evaluate their classmates for an additional grade. Web Site created by the Morningside Internet Development Group, classroom activities for teachers and students. But not only was the role of the Rough Riders exaggerated, it also displaced attention from the black soldiers who made up almost 25 percent of the U. S. force in Cuba. By 1898, Cubans had already been waging an armed struggle for independence from Spain for three years.". With its victory in the Spanish-American War the United States claimed status as a global power and, in a relative absence of mind, it acquired something of an overseas empire. What did the Spanish-American War mean for the role of the press in American politics and society? Major newspaper ownersincluding Joseph Pulitzer Have students integrate the information from a number of primary sources and prepare Through early 1898, however, those who opposed American military intervention in Cuba held the upper hand. Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. To promote cooperation with the Cuban insurrectos and reassure European powers of U.S. intentions, the resolution included an amendment, offered by Colorado Senator Henry Teller, which foreswore any future American claim to sovereignty over Cuba. NCSS.D2.His.4.9-12. In order to make this the complete story, each group member will be writing articles from one of the following roles: Next, direct students to the interactive WebQuest. The Library of Congress offers this detailed history of the Spanish American War from historical papers. Digital Public Library of America Primary Source Sets are designed to help students develop their critical thinking skills and draw diverse material from libraries, archives, and museums across the United States. ;BrzA(~/28WHr\x%8+J;E38W._^Fk;-Ua> +j Reviewed and rated by trusted, credentialed teachers. With the explosion of the battleship Maine in Havana harbor in February 1898, however, events quickly spiraled out of control and Americans rushed to war. The two cavalry regiments, the 9th and 10th, were retained. /Length 200
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documentation. Students might also look at other documents in the set to This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. Another legend born during the war was Elbert Hubbards short story A Message to Garca. Published as a book in 1898, 40 million copies had been printed by 1913. Cleveland sought to protect American citizens and property while encouraging a peaceful settlement of the conflict. What clues can you gather about the time, place, players, and culture? establish permanent control over Cuba. Mexican forces attacked U.S. forces, and the United States Congress declared war. /Type /Page
politics. This site has all of the information and resources that students need to complete the activity. The U.S. Army, which invaded Cuba in early June, was far from ready to fight; its weaknesses became painfully clear over the next few months despite successes such as the famous charge of Roosevelts Rough Riders. Technological innovations changed reportage and Message from the President of the United States : transmitting the report of the Naval Court of Inquiry upon the Destruction of the United States Battle Ship Maine in Havana Harbor, February 15, 1898, together with the testimony taken before the court. Some sense of their importance can be gleaned from this account by N. G. Gonzales, the American editor of a pro-Cuban newspaper. Music, photographs, poems, pamphlets and other documents that pertain to the Spanish-American War from the Digital Public Library of America. Here Sergeant-Major Frank W. Pullen, Jr. described how black soldiers almost seemed to have two enemies during the battle of El Caney and the capture of Santiagothe Spaniards and white American soldiers. At 9:40pm on February 15, 1898, the battleship U.S.S. Analyze complex and interacting factors that influenced the perspectives of people during different historical eras. Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain, Reprint of a letter by Rev. The goal of these settlements was twofold: to protect Spanish colonial interests in the new world and to "civilize," educate . place in the Philippines on May 1, in the Battle of b. eradicate <<
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papers to publish more illustrations and less text. into his second term. around the world. abet Few of them could speak English, and I couldnt speak much Spanish. Which American ship exploded in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898? Primary Sources: Wars & Conflicts: Spanish-American War Databases Home Embed from Getty Images Online Sources: Spanish-American War "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets": A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899 more. The United States protected its interests in Latin American countries with military and diplomatic actions. /O 14
Within three months, the Spanish government sued for peace. /Linearized 1
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SURVEY. The Spanish-American War. As part of a 3-day lesson plan, your young historians will first develop working hypotheses to answer this question, then work with a variety of historical primary source documents Today, Cuba and America sometimes struggle with diplomatic relations, but did you know that America went to war against Spain to free Cuba? These films were made by the Edison Manufacturing Company and the American Mutoscope & Biograph Company and consist of actualities filmed in the U.S., Cuba, and the Philippines, showing troops, ships, notable figures, and parades, as well as reenactments of battles and other war-time events. McKinley did not fully embrace the Roosevelt-Mahan strategic view, but he did believe that the United States must assume a leading role in global affairs and preserve opportunities for American commerce. While the Rough Riders fired the first shot in the war and were the first to raise the U.S. flag in Cuba, their exploits were greatly mythologized. Hostilities formally ended on August 12, 1898. Send forth the best ye breed--. Fighting did not occur in Cuba until This chapter most likely concerns. was signed on December 10. Hubbards mythmaking distorted the story of the war by erasing the contribution of the Cubans from the history of their own war for independence. Evaluate the connections between the war andthe larger political debate over American imperialism. A Massively Collaborative Open U.S. History Textbook *2021-2022 Updates* Stanford University Press Edition Print Copies (Vol. The Spanish-American War (April 21 - August 13, 1898) was a period of armed conflict between Spain and the United States. On April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. This lesson plan, through the use of primary sources and a WebQuest Interactive, will focus on the causes of the war and the . /S 120
The United States declared war against Mexico on May 13, 1846.
Crucible of Empire - PBS Online Photographic History of the Spanish American War, p. 36. an end to the conflict, with the Spanish accepting
Spanish-American War. New technology that made it easier /E 37837
of the New York World and William Randolph Hearst Everything for the assignment, including specific instructions for each part and all of the resources, has been placed on the WebQuest. PDF. Examine the introduction to Our Islands in Their People, written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler. This treaty gave the United The war helped fuel major changes in U.S. news To begin, hand out the following document, located in its excerpted form on pages 1-2 of the Text Document that accompanies this lesson: Discuss with students the ideas/beliefs raised by Grover Cleveland about American interests in Cuba and the reasons for the United States to be cautious about intervention. Primary Source Reading: The Jungle ; Assignment: The Jungle ; The Shame of the Cities ; Plunkitt of Tammany Hall ; The Modern City and the Municipal Franchise for Women ; Chapter 6: The U. S. and the World: American Imperialism Toggle Dropdown. The Mexican cession as it is somewhat euphemistically called, is central to the construction of the US nation. 0000025375 00000 n
document makes about the sinking of the Maine. The conflict had complex beginnings. divergent
some aspects of the war? /N 3
The Primary source documents from the Library of Congress covering the Dust Bowl Migration and the New Deal. 0000000751 00000 n
This collection uses primary sources to explore the Spanish-American War. /CropBox [0 0 612 792]
b. b. war, battles between the U.S. and Spain took place are there to indicate which film is an actuality and which is a reenactment? <<
Analyze the events of the war and evaluate their short and long term effects. Teddy Roosevelt charging up the San Juan Heights, the Rough Riders and the sinking of the battleship, the U.S.S. Short films showed such scenes as servicemen The United States occupied Cuba but, <<
coverage and attention-grabbing photographs of Holyoke College, Grover Cleveland: American Interests in the Cuban Revolution, President McKinley, Declaration of War, 1898, American Memory from the Library of Congress, Lesson 1: The Question of an American Empire. >>
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In its American territories, Spain 14 terms. Future US president Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt rose to national prominence due to his role in the conflict. the war as an opportunity to sell newspapers. Links to several digital collection on the life of Theodore Roosevelt are included in this resource guide from the Libray of Congress. Puerto Rico, its possessions in the West Indies, and More recent events in Vietnam, Somalia, and Yugoslavia bear striking parallels to those of 1898. However, the war had far-reaching effects for both the United with official photographs by United States naval photographer, E. H. Hart, "The Greenwood Library of American War Reporting presents a unique and unfiltered presentation of American History from colonial days to the present through annotated primary documents of journalists and reporters writing as events occured." 0 Degrees Ascendant, /ID [<28bf4e5e4e758a4164004e56fffa0108><28bf4e5e4e758a4164004e56fffa0108>]
In doing this, you must adhere to the following requirements: It is your job to report on the specific battles of the war. The two sides signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10, in which Madrid recognized Cuban independence and ceded Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Guam to the United States. Douglass, in his old age, still bravely stood for the ideals of his early manhood,ultimate assimilation through self-assertion, and on no other terms. l R endstream
The Battle of San Juan Hill, also known as the Battle for the San Juan Heights, was a major battle of the SpanishAmerican War fought between an American force under the command of LEVEL: This particular lesson is designed for an 11th grade classroom. June; a key battle took place on July 1. But McKinley and his advisers decided that the war would be won primarily at sea.
Primary Source Set: American Imperialism: The Spanish-American War These reports helped to bring about the Spanish-American War primarily by, United States economic and foreign policies often complement each other, One reason for United States imperialistic expansion abroad in the late 19th century was to gain new sources of raw materials and markets. as provided for in the Teller Amendment, did not try Watterson, Henry, 1840-1921.; Spanish-American War Collection. Vintage Masonic Ring With Diamond, Indeed, the Spanish troops, who called the black soldiers smoked Yankees, were often more respectful of the black troops than were the white officers who commanded them. startxref
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Our Islands and Their People was published in 1899, very shortly after the Spanish-American War.