economic importance of coconut economic importance of coconut

Nevin KG. [61][63] The tall variety is outcrossing while dwarf palms are self-pollinating, which has led to a much greater degree of genetic diversity within the tall group. Coconut is the fruit of the coconut palm. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. However, both James Cook and William Bligh[69] (put adrift after the Bounty mutiny) found no sign of the nuts along this 2,000km (1,200mi) stretch when he needed water for his crew. Food Industry Coconut is known as a common ingredient in food processing. 70% of the total coconut production is for domestic consumption in most producing countries making Coconut a critical global food security crop. Malauhog (literally "mucus-like") refers to very young coconut meat (around 6 to 7 months old) which has a translucent appearance and a gooey texture that disintegrates easily. [citation needed], The two most common harvesting methods are the climbing method and the pole method. What Are the Major Regions of Manufacturing Lisa Smith has been an editor and writer since 1991. [109] The production of coconuts is the main source of Sri Lanka economy, with 12% of cultivated land and 409,244 hectares used for coconut growing (2017). Home Fruits What Is The Importance Of Coconut? 50 % of existing coconut palms have passed their economic bearing age (60 years) and are due for replanting, around 900 million coconut seedlings are required at a value of USD$ 2.7 Billion to secure a sustainable future for the global coconut estate. Coconut assumes considerable significance in the national economy of coconut-growing countries in view of rural employment and income generation. Scientific studies have found it effective for treating enlarged prostate and improving serum cholesterol. Palm. What are the economic importance of coconut? in history at New Mexico State University. Is eating coconut good for your skin? [181], Literary evidence from the Ramayana and Sri Lankan chronicles indicates that the coconut was present in the Indian subcontinent before the 1st centuryBCE. In the Ilocos region of the northern Philippines, the Ilocano people fill two halved coconut shells with diket (cooked sweet rice), and place liningta nga itlog (halved boiled egg) on top of it. coconut, edible fruit of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), a tree of the palm family (Arecaceae). The coconut fruit is an important economic commodity for many countries around the world. For other uses, see, "Coconut tree" redirects here. [160], Coir (the fiber from the husk of the coconut) is used in ropes, mats, doormats, brushes, and sacks, as caulking for boats, and as stuffing fiber for mattresses. Coconuts only came into prominence as an important food item after the 1860s and this was largely due to its use by the Indian indentured immigrants who had replaced the slaves on the plantations and who had used coconuts in a variety of ways in their native land. 2017-08-20 10:24:51. The biggest barrier to establishing an investment climate for coconut and an economic alternative to oil palm land area expansion is the critical lack of quality planting materials and coconut investment model. Many insect pests and diseases affect the species and are a nuisance for commercial production. [64], The dwarf coconut cultivars are fully domesticated, in contrast to tall cultivars which display greater diversity in terms of domestication (and lack thereof). How useful is a coconut tree Write 5 sentences? In 2020, world production of coconuts was 62 million tonnes, led by Indonesia, India, and the Philippines, with 75% combined of the total (table). A single coconut palm may yield 100 coconuts annually, and each coconut requires a year to fully ripen. The export of spices generates foreign exchange earnings of Rs. "Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats". Nearly one third of the world's population depends on coconut for nutrition and trade. [26][27] The vast majority of Cocos-like fossils have been recovered generally from only two regions in the world: New Zealand and west-central India. The Coconut tree belongs to the palm family. [58], The extent of cultivation in the tropics is threatening a number of habitats, such as mangroves; an example of such damage to an ecoregion is in the Petenes mangroves of the Yucatn. The natural planting, harvesting, and processing of coconuts along with its tropical climate makes for perfect growth conditions of this tropical delicacy. The husks can be used as flotation devices. It kills bacteria in the mouth and reduces bad breath. In many parts of the world, the cultivation and sale of coconuts is a major source of income, especially for those living in rural areas. In addition to its use as a food, the coconut is also a source of oil, which is used in cooking and in the production of a range of products, including soaps, cosmetics, and candles. Omissions? Some of the dwarf cultivars such as 'Malayan dwarf' have shown some promising resistance to lethal yellowing, while other cultivars such as 'Jamaican tall' are highly affected by the same plant disease. The Coconut Research Center describes the nut as rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals with oil comprising mainly medium-chain fatty acids. Improves hair health: Eating or applying coconut oil in your hair stimulates hair growth, prevents hair breakage and split ends. Moisturize properly after washing your face. The coconut sector in the past has been dominated by products, copra and coconut oil, and the international coconut trade used to be driven by the demand for . It is a tree that is cultivated for its multiple utilities, mainly for its nutritional and medicinal values. What are the importance of coconut and its different uses? A 100-gram (3+12-ounce) reference serving of raw coconut flesh supplies 1,480 kilojoules (354 kilocalories) of food energy and a high amount of total fat (33 grams), especially saturated fat (89% of total fat), along with a moderate quantity of carbohydrates (15g), and protein (3g). [182] The earliest direct description is given by Cosmas Indicopleustes in his Topographia Christiana written around 545, referred to as "the great nut of India". . It noted that by using these small atolls, the species could easily island-hop. (2009), assigned it to Cocos based on the size and the ridged shape of the fruit. [4], The niu vai form is the domesticated form dominant in the Pacific coconuts. Virgin coconut oil is predicted to experience high demand from consumers with higher health consciousness and as well as aging population. [7][8][9] Given proper care and growing conditions, coconut palms produce their first fruit in six to ten years, taking 15 to 20 years to reach peak production. The coconut water strengthens your immune system and removes bacteria that cause urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, gum diseases and viruses which are causing cold, infection diseases and typhus. HE Moore Jr, NW Uhl. The young coconut plants need to be nursed and irrigated with drip pipes until they are old enough (stem bulb development) to be irrigated with brackish water or seawater alone, after which they can be replanted on the beaches. Its versatility and value make it an important commodity that continues to play a vital role in the economic development of many countries around the world. This type of root system is known as fibrous or adventitious, and is a characteristic of grass species. Coconut Research Center. It is cultivated by about 11 million farmers on 12 million hectares; 80% of total production comes from Asia (Adkins et al., 2006). Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. What Does The Fig Tree Represent In John 1? Neera is a delicious natural non-alcoholic beverage, extracted from the spathe or the immature flower spike of coconut trees. [1] Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. The tender nut supplies coconut water, a popular thirst quencher of health and hygienic value. Therefore, eating coconuts regularly reduces the risk of developing osteoporosis. [103] Other states, such as Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal, and those in the northeast (Tripura and Assam) account for the remaining productions. [145] They can also be processed to extract palm sugar. Medium chain fats have also been known to help in weight loss and reduce waist circumference. Because coconut milk and oil nourish skin, moisturizing, restorative, vitality to skin, has a radiant effect. The green of the leaves (lamina) is stripped away, leaving the veins (long, thin, woodlike strips) which are tied together to form a broom or brush. Most less-developed countries depend on agriculture as a major source of income and employment. Androecium Absent but staminodes are present. Choti Holi, also known as Holika Dahan, is an important Hindu festival celebrated throughout India, one day before the main Holi festival. [101][102], Traditional areas of coconut cultivation in India are the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal and, Gujarat and the islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. The know-how of coconut cultivation and necessary soil fixation and irrigation may have found its way into Omani, Hadrami and Al-Mahra culture by people who returned from those overseas areas. [165], Researchers from the Melbourne Museum in Australia observed the octopus species Amphioctopus marginatus use tools, specifically coconut shells, for defense and shelter. The "branches" (leaf petioles) are strong and flexible enough to make a switch. Predominantly, the Philippines, Indonesia, India, . "It made sense" to bring the affair to . Coconuts can only be grown in temperatures above 18C (64F) and need a daily temperature above 22C (72F) to produce fruit. Coir Developments Much of coir production is done by small holders meaning production is scattered and at small volumes. [18][19] Niu vai endocarp fragments have been recovered in archaeological sites in the St. Matthias Islands of the Bismarck Archipelago. The immature seeds are infested and desapped by larvae staying in the portion covered by the perianth of the immature seed; the seeds then drop off or survive deformed. However, like most palm fossils, Cocos-like fossils are still putative, as they are usually difficult to identify. Coconut oil is one of nine internationally traded vegetable oils and ranks eighth in global production. However their original distribution was in the Central Indo-Pacific, in the regions of Maritime Southeast Asia and Melanesia. Nor were there coconuts on the east side of the African coast until Vasco da Gama, nor in the Caribbean when first visited by Christopher Columbus. A recently discovered palm, Beccariophoenix alfredii from Madagascar, is nearly identical to the coconut, more so than the queen palm and can also be grown in slightly cooler climates than the coconut palm. What are the physical characteristics of a coconut? In Cambodia, the roots are used in traditional medicine as a treatment for dysentery. Wiki User. [97], The Philippines is the world's second-largest producer of coconuts. The tender coconutis witnessing a surge in sales in the country. [70] In the Hawaiian Islands, the coconut is regarded as a Polynesian introduction, first brought to the islands by early Polynesian voyagers (also Austronesians) from their homelands in the southern islands of Polynesia.[39]. Very very educational many thanx for your elaborate description.Raheem, Your email address will not be published. In particular, the area around Salalah maintains large coconut plantations similar to those found across the Arabian Sea in Kerala. Neera is fast becoming a popular drink. Fishermen give an offering of coconut to the sea to celebrate the beginning of a new fishing season. Nevertheless, the authors Gomez-Navarro et al. A hard shell encloses the insignificant embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. [45], Modern genetic studies have identified the center of origin of coconuts as being the Central Indo-Pacific, the region between western Southeast Asia and Melanesia, where it shows greatest genetic diversity. Based on these separate introductions, coconut populations can still be divided into Pacific coconuts and Indo-Atlantic coconuts, respectively. They grow best near sea level, within 15 degrees of the Equator. Both the exocarp and the mesocarp make up the "husk" of the coconut, while the endocarp makes up the hard coconut "shell". The coconut is also an important economic resource for the production of fiber and other materials. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization reports the top producers are the Philippines, Indonesia, Brazil, and India. ; Putter, C.A.J. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. It can be eaten as food or used as medicine. Historical Developments in Biological Control Recent Advances. The day is recognized as the beginning of the joyful, colourful Holi celebrations and is seen as a symbolic triumph of good over evil. Sri Lanka established its Coconut Development Authority and Coconut Cultivation Board and Coconut Research Institute in the early British Ceylon period.[109]. The shells of the coconut can also be used to create charcoal, which has a variety of industrial and domestic uses. Coconut oil and milk are ingredients in cooking, frying, soaps and cosmetics, and foods like margarine and popcorn. India contribute about 50% coir production. The coconut is a versatile and valuable crop, with a range of uses that contribute to both local and global economies. (2008). De-husked coconuts are also easier for consumers to open, but have a shorter postharvest storage life of around two to three weeks at temperatures of 12 to 15C (54 to 59F) or up to 2 months at 0 to 1.5C (32.0 to 34.7F). in history at New Mexico State University. These have much lower fat content and are suitable as milk substitutes. Desiccated or shredded coconut is very popular in breakfast cereals and cookies as well. Aids in hydration. [49][18][61], The niu kafa form is the wild ancestral type, with thick husks to protect the seed, an angular, highly ridged shape to promote buoyancy during ocean dispersal, and a pointed base that allowed fruits to dig into the sand, preventing them from being washed away during germination on a new island. Its meat is sweetened, cut into strands, and sold in glass jars as coconut strings, sometimes labeled as "coconut sport". They were commonly carried by Spanish ships as a source of fresh water. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. It forms the basis of wedding and worship rituals in Hinduism. [153], The husk and shells can be used for fuel and are a source of charcoal. It was first developed for commercial cultivation in the Philippines and is used widely in Philippine cuisine for desserts, drinks, and pastries. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. The meat can be eaten fresh from the coconut but the meat can also be used to make oil, milk, cream and desiccated coconut. [3][4] It has also acquired religious significance in South Asian cultures, where it is used in Hindu rituals. These skilled, unpaid laborers can pick hundreds of coconuts daily. In 2007, the Philippines imposed a quarantine in Metro Manila and 26 provinces to stop the spread of the pest and protect the Philippine coconut industry managed by some 3.5million farmers.[75]. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. From this vinegar jaggery and sugar is prepared. This invertebrate builds armor from coconut halves", "Indonesia's veined octopus 'stilt walks' to collect coconut shells", "Coconut Fruit Of Lustre In Indian Culture", "How the Zulu coconut was saved from extinction", "Living Heritage Marcellin College Sina and the Eel", "The Fifth Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman The Arabian Nights The Thousand and One Nights Sir Richard Burton translator", Coconut revival new possibilities for the 'tree of life', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coconut&oldid=1136466340, Mean daily temperature above 1213C (5455F) every day of the year, Mean annual rainfall above 1,000mm (39in). While theres no direct way to make your hair grow faster overnight, there are steps you can take to keep your hair healthy and long. In addition to its economic value as a source of food and materials, the coconut is also an important source of income for many small-scale farmers and communities. Coconut fruit in the wild are light, buoyant, and highly water resistant. A coconut can be hollowed out and used as a home for a rodent or small birds. A long handle made from some other wood may be inserted into the base of the bundle and used as a two-handed broom. (2009). [49][50], Genetic studies of coconuts have also confirmed pre-Columbian populations of coconuts in Panama in South America. Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images. A study in 2008 showed that the coconuts in the Americas are genetically closest related to coconuts in the Philippines, and not to any other nearby coconut populations (including Polynesia). (1993). Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. What are the benefits of drinking coconut water? "Chapter 12 Coconut". Bangalore, Karnataka 560025, Monday to Friday 9:30 AM 5:30 PM The earliest Cocos-like fossil to be found was "Cocos"zeylanica, a fossil species described from small fruits, around 3.5cm (1+12in) 1.3 to 2.5cm (12 to 1in) in size, recovered from the Miocene (~23 to 5.3 million years ago) of New Zealand in 1926. However they are mainly present as decoration, and the Australian coconut industry is small; Australia is a net importer of coconut products. In India, the woven coconut leaves are used to build wedding marquees, especially in the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. The liquids inside of a coconut are available as Shredded sweetened coconut 100g 500 calories 48g carbs 43g sugar 35g fat 4. ~The effect will be much stronger when consumed by adding ~When mask made with milk inside coconut, color tone of skin will be opened. The dried calyx is used as fuel in wood-fired stoves. The white flesh of a coconut can be used in lots of different ways. What happens when you drink coconut water for 7 days? International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). [131][86] Most of the fat is saturated (89%), with lauric acid being the major fatty acid. This article was most recently revised and updated by. In fact, the toning property of coconut helps in preventing acne by minimizing the pores of the skin, leaving it glowing. [179] In the story of Sina and the Eel, the origin of the coconut is related as the beautiful woman Sina burying an eel, which eventually became the first coconut. Coconut is an important tree crop with diverse end-users and employment generation potentials. The length of the coconut tree is also considerable. Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. Though safer and faster than the climbing method, its main disadvantage is that it does not allow workers to examine and clean the crown of coconuts for pests and diseases. The Coconut Palm (Cocos Nucifera L.) is referred as The Tree of Life due to its incredible value to man and the incredible number of products and by-products that can be created from it. [40], Carl Linnaeus first wanted to name the coconut genus Coccus from latinizing the Portuguese word coco, because he saw works of other botanists in middle of the 17th century use the name as well. Therefore, heavy turf grass environments (beach resorts and golf courses) also pose a major threat to local coconut trees. The 2014 coral atoll origin hypothesis proposed that the coconut had dispersed in an island hopping fashion using the small, sometimes transient, coral atolls. Coconut oil and milk are ingredients in cooking, frying, soaps and cosmetics, and foods like margarine and popcorn. According to the Just Change Trust in India, over 500 million coconut palms are cultivated in tropical regions, where coconuts are the prime source of fats and protein for more than 400 million people. They played a critical role in the long sea voyages of Austronesians by providing a portable source of food and water, as well as providing building materials for Austronesian outrigger boats. In 1987, a "coconut law" was signed by Governor Edwin Edwards exempting from insurance liability any decorated coconut "handed" from a Zulu float. [158], In World War II, coastwatcher scout Biuku Gasa was the first of two from the Solomon Islands to reach the shipwrecked and wounded crew of Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 commanded by future U.S. president John F. Kennedy. Be notified when an answer is posted. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. Inflorescence : Large, lateral arising from the axils of leaves, compound spadix, enclosed by large woody bract called spathe. The origin of dwarf varieties is Southeast Asia, which contain the tall cultivars that are genetically closest to dwarf coconuts. Due to growing sedentary lifestyles and heavy-handed landscaping, a decline in these traditional farming and soil-fixing techniques has occurred. ", "Coconut anaphylaxis: Case report and review", "Guidance for Industry: A Food Labeling Guide (6. The Philippines and Indonesia lead in copra production, and throughout the South Pacific copra is one of the most important export products. Sri Lanka is the world's fourth-largest producer of coconuts and is the second-largest producer of coconut oil and copra, accounting for 15% of the global production. Neera has a low glycemic count at 35 compared to cane sugar or sugarcane juice that has a glycemic count of 80. Fresh husks contain more tannin than old husks. Fancy utensil can be prepare from shell. Omani people needed the coir rope from the coconut fiber to stitch together their traditional seagoing dhow vessels in which nails were never used. In the west coast of India, the palm is an essential component in the homestead system of farming. Updates? Copra is the dried meat of the seed and after processing produces coconut oil and coconut meal. Elvira Bowen is a food expert who has dedicated her life to understanding the science of cooking. The fats in the coconut minimize the pores that attract dirt and bacteria and prevent skin from getting damaged. Coconut oil has anti-inflammatory properties, making it beneficial for irritated, chafed skin. Cocos-like fossils of fruits include "Cocos" intertrappeansis, "Cocos" pantii, and "Cocos" sahnii. However, Cocos is not thought to be indigenous to South America, and the highest genetic diversity is present in Asian Cocos, indicating that at least the modern species Cocos nucifera is native to there. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. [174], The flowers are used sometimes in wedding ceremonies in Cambodia. Coconuts are commonly grown around the northern coast of Australia, and in some warmer parts of New South Wales. Coconut plays a significant role in the agrarian economy of India. These are grown for recreational purposes or as an income generator. economic importance of coconut. Thailand has been raising and training pig-tailed macaques to pick coconuts for around 400years. They can also be cooked in sugar and eaten as a dessert in the Philippines known as bukayo.[117][123][124][125][126]. The sap derived from incising the flower clusters of the coconut is drunk as toddy, also known as tub in the Philippines (both fermented and fresh), tuak (Indonesia and Malaysia), karewe (fresh and not fermented, collected twice a day, for breakfast and dinner) in Kiribati, and neera in South Asia. The coconut palm thrives on sandy soils and is highly tolerant of salinity. Perianth Tepals 6 arranged in two whorls of three each, persistent, and polyphyllous showing imbricate aestivation in both the whorls. : B.arenosella, B.atriloqua (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), B.mathesoni (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), and B. It is predominantly used in the bakery and confectionary industries (especially in non-coconut-producing countries) because of its longer shelf life compared to freshly grated coconut. The leaves also provide material for baskets that can draw well water and for roofing thatch; they can be woven into mats, cooking skewers, and kindling arrows as well. ; Diekmann, M. The coconut industry also generates employment and supports local businesses, contributing to the overall economic development of these communities. [11] Many modern different varieties are also grown, including the Maypan coconut, King coconut, and Macapuno. [21][22], Whole mature coconuts (11 to 13 months from flowering) sold for export, however, typically have the husk removed to reduce weight and volume for transport. Rich in fiber and MCTs, it may offer a number of benefits, including improved heart health, weight loss, and digestion. [27][29][30] Conran et al. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh or processed into coconut milk or coconut oil. Coconut palms grow in the wet tropical and subtropical coastal Indian and Pacific ocean regions. They can be sorted mainly into tall cultivars, dwarf cultivars, and hybrid cultivars (hybrids between talls and dwarfs). [73], The coconut palm is damaged by the larvae of many Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species which feed on it, including the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) and Batrachedra spp. The husks of the coconut are a source of coir, a fiber used in the production of brushes, matting, and other products. It is known as a bunot in the Philippines and simply a "coconut brush" in Jamaica. [78], A more controversial method employed by a small number of coconut farmers in Thailand and Malaysia use trained pig-tailed macaques to harvest coconuts. Adsule, and S.S. Kadam. [57] If they were naturally distributed and had been in the Pacific for a thousand years or so, then we would expect the eastern shore of Australia, with its own islands sheltered by the Great Barrier Reef, to have been thick with coconut palms: the currents were directly into, and down along this coast. in semiotics from Brown University and completed coursework for an M.A. However, to exploit these opportunities there must be synergy created among private sector, public sector, research, technical actors and alignment of resources, objectives and targets," Mr Ferretti had remarked in his roadmap presentation.