Concentration camp guard, 93, given suspended sentence in German case - CBC Jenny-Wanda Barkmann - Liberation Route Europe [38], In July 2021, a 96-year-old German secretary, Irmgard Furchner, who had been part of KZ Stutthof was arrested to be tried for war crimes. Frankly, a nice sight. Most of the original detainees were local Poles and Jews when Stutthof was built in 1939 as the first Nazi camp outside Germany's borders in World War Two. In 2017, the prosecution of two former Stutthof camp guards from Borken and Wuppertal commenced. At a hill in Gdansk known as Biskupia Gorka (Bishop Hill), upon a specially-erected row of four T-shaped double gallows centered around a pi-shaped triple gallows, and before a crowd of thousands, the doomed eleven were noosed on the back of military trucks which then drove away to leave them strangling to death with a short drop hanging. Another prisoner said Bormann grabbed another female prisoner by the hair, threw her to the ground and ordered dogs to bite her so severely that she was a mass of blood. The woman died at the scene. It was also the final camp liberated by the Allies in May 1945. When she was 22, Barkmann began actively seeking work in the concentration camps. This week, a 95-year-old woman was arrested in Germany and charged with complicity in the murders of 10,000 people - the first such case in recent years. The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by barbed-wire fences. [23][22], Polish historians and employees at the IPN; Monika Tomkiewicz and Piotr Semkw, reached similar conclusions. Camp doctors also killed sick or injured prisoners in the infirmary with lethal injections. All were found guilty and eleven were sentenced to death, including the Commandant Johann Pauls. The former librarian, from Dresden, was a keen horsewoman who used stolen cash from prisoners to build an indoor riding arena at the Buchenwald camp, which housed 20,000 slave labourers. Although Bruno D. is 93, he is being tried in a juvenile court because he was 17 in August 1944 when he started working as a guard at Stutthof, set up by the Nazis in the territory of the former Free City of Danzig, now known as Gdansk and part of modern Poland. The SS in Stutthof began conscripting women from Danzig and the surrounding cities in June 1944, to train as camp guards because of their severe shortage after the women's subcamp of Stutthof called Bromberg-Ost (Konzentrationslager Bromberg-Ost) was set up in the city of Bydgoszcz. [1][2] The actual barracks were built the following year by prisoners. It is an obscenity and should be punished, if there are still any of these scum around today, they should be brought to justice. Stutthof survivor: Entering Nazi camp meant a death sentence The sub-camps of Stutthof included:[30][31][32], The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system began on 25 January 1945. per group (up to 3) Private Shore Excursion: Tour of Gdansk and visit Stutthof Concentration Camp. The Stutthof trials were a series of war crime tribunals held in postwar Poland for the prosecution of Stutthof concentration camp staff and officials, responsible for the murder of up to 85,000 prisoners during the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany in World War II. Former Nazi SS Camp Guard, 94, Goes on Trial in Germany [1], The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by the barbed-wire fence. [11], Several Norwegian Waffen SS volunteers worked as guards or as instructors for prisoners from Nordic countries, according to senior researcher at the Norwegian Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities, Terje Emberland. Stutthof was the first concentration camp the Nazis ever built outside of Germany's borders. Found guilty by a British Military Tribunal, she was sentenced to death and hanged on December 13 1945, aged 52. Established on September 2, 1939, Stutthof was the first concentration camp outside German borders during World War II. Apprehended after the war, she was sentenced and publicly hanged in Gdansk. In the last year of the Second World War, Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was a young SS-guard in the German concentration camp Stutthof. Not all of the Stutthof camp remains and the site is now a memorial. "I was first in Stutthof in August '43 for close to a month and then two other [camps] before I returned at the end of 1944 for a second time," he told the BBC. In November 1941, it became a "labor education" camp (like Dachau), administered by the German Security Police. In December, a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of being complicit in the murder of over 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp that was located in occupied Poland. Stutthof camp: Woman, 95, accused of aiding Nazi mass murder Ten were sentenced to death. This blog has been around for a while. A judicial officer looks at his watch prior to a trial against a 96-year-old former secretary for the SS commander of the Stutthof concentration camp at the court room in Itzehoe, Germany on . [2], In 1953 the court in Gdask tried SS-man Bielawa (SS Rottenfhrer Paul Bielawa, a prisoner guard from the 3rd company in Stutthof between 194145)[1] and sentenced him to twelve years. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. One such guard was Jenny Barkmann, who earned the moniker Beautiful Spectre.. Erected in 1939, it saw two horrific epidemics of typhus kill thousands of its already dying population in 1942 and 1944. Stutthof was a concentration camp in an isolated, marshy, and forested region near the village of Stutthof east of Danzig. Edited by G. ukomski, G. Kucharski. When is Eurovision and how do you get tickets? [3] The first executions were carried out on 11 January and 22 March 1940 89 Polish activists and government officials were shot. The womans face became swollen and blue.. Execution of Stutthof concentration camp overseers at Biskupia Grka. If convicted, he faces a possible six months to 10 years in prison. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann - Europe Remembers "It was a practical impossibility that [Furchner] could make her way into the camp from her home without knowing what was going on there.". It is totally illegal, hanging has to be done in a certain way and this was certainly not. Braunstein was sentenced to three years in jail by a British court in 1958 and emigrated to the US, where she married a construction worker. The first trial of Stutthof criminals took place in 1946 in Gdansk, with Barkmann standing trial alongside 13 other defendants: During the trial, Barkmann flirted with guards, obsessed over her hair, and inappropriately giggled at times. Luxury Car Tours. The prisoners were marched in the direction of Lauenburg in eastern Germany. Nazi concentration camp guard convicted over 5,232 murders Nazi concentration camp in present-day Sztutowo, Poland, "Stutthof" redirects here. Herta Bothe a camp guard, called "Sadist of Stutthof". One prominent inmate and survivor of the Stutthof concentration camp was member of parliament for the Communist Party of Denmark Martin Nielsen, who detailed his deportation to, experience in and ensuing death march from the camp in his book Rapport fra Stutthof ('Report from Stutthof'). Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. We will rise again and we will destroy ALL of you scum who revel in this disgusting obscene filth. In June 2022, a 101-year-old former guard at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (north of Berlin) was sentenced to five years in prison. Thousands of SS guards were granted transfers from camps to field service, said Stefan Hrdler, yet Dey had remained at Stutthof until April 1945. Among these sites was the Stutthof camp. had worked as a secretary at the Stutthof concentration camp was charged with . The camp was set up around existing structures after the invasion of Poland in World War II and initially used for the imprisonment of Polish leaders and intelligentsia. Of the 55,000 guards who worked in the Third Reichs concentration camps, 3,700 were women, many of who were volunteers. Even then, she continued kicking me, then walked away and left me there.. Conditions in the camp were brutal. You excuses for human beings are no better than you accuse the National Socialists of being. a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of complicity in the murder of more than 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp located in occupied Poland. Germany: Accused Nazi camp guard dies, ending case against him Nazi Concentration Camp Secretary, 96, Has Been Caught After - NPR Gas chambers had been in operation in Nazi death camps since 1942 in German-occupied Poland but it was not until June 1944 that Zyklon B gas was used at Stutthof. Here we look at the horrendous role these guards - known as Aufseherins, or female overseers - played during the War. 'Gorilla Glue Girl' Tessica Brown is offered a wig by Beyonce's stylist after hair disaster gets EVEN worse. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born in Hamburg in 1921. [7], On 5 May 1945, a barge full of starving prisoners was towed into harbour at Klintholm Havn in Denmark where 351 of the 370 on board were saved. Why Germany Prosecutes the Aged for Nazi Roles It - The New York Times A two-year suspended sentence in line with that requested by prosecutors was handed down by the Itzehoe state court in northern Germany. Female Nazi war criminals - Capital Punishment U.K The former nurse took a four-week training course and was sent as an overseer to the Stutthof camp near Danzig.. They were publicly hanged before a large crowd, estimated at several thousand, at 5.00 p.m. on July 4th, 1946 at Biskupia Gorka hill near Danzig. He was also tried in juvenile court despite his age, because his crimes were committed when he was a minor. After being tracked down by Nazi hunter Simon Weisenthal, in 1973, she was retried and jailed for life by a Dusseldorf court. Buffalo shooting - 'Gunman' Gregory Ulrich 'held grudge against docs for refusing him painkillers' before killing nurse. She also beat her on the face and head with her fists, and when the woman fell to the ground she trampled on her. Row of Barracks at Stutthof Thanks, Max the link is fixed in the entry now as well. The only survivor who gave evidence in person to the Furchner trial, Josef Salomonovic, described it as the worst of eight concentration camps he was forced to endure. "You didn't know if the officers were acting on orders, or if they did it on their breaks," he said. Female guards of the Stutthof Concentration Camp at a Gdask war trial held before the Special Law Court between 25th April and 31st May of 1946, Poland. Now 92, he vividly remembers the five camps and sub-camps of Stutthof that he was sent to. In total, of the approximately 2,000 SS men and women who ran the entire camp complex, 72 SS officers and six female overseers were brought to justice. In 1949, SS-Hauptsturmfhrer Hans Jacobi, the commandant of Stutthof subcamps forming Baukommando Weichsel or OT Thorn (Organisation Todt Thorn) for women digging anti-tank ditches,[6] was tried before the criminal court in Toru and sentenced to three years in prison. Stutthof was the first camp outside German borders, in operation from 2 September 1939, and the last camp liberated by the Allies on 9 May 1945. It has been estimated that around half of the evacuated prisoners, over 25,000, died during the evacuation from Stutthof and its subcamps. [2] Pauly was tried by the British for war crimes with thirteen others in the Curio Haus in Hamburg which was located in the British occupied sector of Germany. [39] On 28 September 2021, Frau Furchner left her home in Hamburg and failed to show for her hearing, she was captured on 30 September 2021 and the hearing was rescheduled for 19 October 2021. [14], Stutthof's registered inmates included citizens of 28 countries, and besides Jews and Poles Germans, Czechs, Dutch, Belgians, French, Norwegians, Finns, Danes, Lithuanians, Latvians, Belarusians, Russians, Croats and others. Set up immediately upon Germanys September 1, 1939 invasion of Poland and not liberated until after official German capitulation in 1945, Stutthoff handled over 100,000 prisoners during its long service. Detainees had to walk the long distance towards Germany as the Nazi Eastern Front crumbled. Bruno Dey was convicted of complicity in mass murder there last year and given a suspended sentence, Speaking through an interpreter, Koryski said he had seen SS guards put on sadistic "shows" to torture prisoners, includingoneinstance in which a son was forced to beat his father to death in front of other inmates. After evading capture for a few months, she was recognized and arrested in May 1945. Ex-SS guard convicted in Germany's 'last' Holocaust trial It was during this time as a slave labourer that he met lifelong friend Zigi Shipper. Read more:Nazi guard testifies about Stutthof concentration camp, To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video. It is estimated that around 65,000 people were murdered during the Holocaust in the Stutthof concentration camp, near the Polish city now called Gdansk. Tens of thousands of people, perhaps as many as 100,000, were deported to the Stutthof camp. Known, chillingly, as the woman with the dogs, Juana Bormann used trained dogs in sadistic attacks on inmates at Ravensbruck and later Auschwitz, where she served under Irma Grese. To support our channel, please make sure to subscribe. In 1944, as forced labor by concentration camp prisoners became increasingly important in armaments production, a Focke-Wulff airplane factory was constructed at Stutthof. "I was told by the museum that the Nazis laid explosives around the buildings and set them on a timer to explode after they had evacuated, but the timer malfunctioned. [2], During the first trial held at Gdask from April 25, 1946, to May 31, 1946, the joint Soviet/Polish Special Criminal Court tried and convicted of crimes against humanity a group of thirteen ex-officials and overseers of the Stutthof concentration camp in Sztutowo and its Bromberg-Ost subcamp for women located in the city of Bydgoszcz. It was surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fences. Execution of SS guards at KZ Dachau, April 29th, 1945 Identification of inmates in German concentration camps [35][36], Another Nazi camp guard, Bruno Dey, from Hamburg was charged in October 2019 of contributing to the killings of 5,230 prisoners at Stutthof camp between 1944 and 1945. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. Former Nazi worker, 97, escapes jail sentence after conviction for Some prisoners worked in SS-owned businesses such as the German Equipment Works (DAW), located near the camp. It was in 1943 that Stutthof's population of detainees was dramatically enlarged, from a capacity of 4,000 to 25,000. In 1962, the former concentration camp with its remaining structures, was turned into a memorial museum. What science tells us about the afterlife. The infamous main entrance to Stutthof became known as the Death Gate, Irmgard Furchner was given a two-year suspended jail term for complicity in murder, Zigi Shipper and Manfred Goldberg came from different countries but were able to communicate in Yiddish, Nazi typist guilty of complicity in 10,500 murders, Harry: I always felt different to rest of family, Chris Rock jokes about Oscars slap in Netflix show, Everything Everywhere wins big ahead of Oscars, PM to end asylum claims from small boat arrivals, US-made cheese can be called 'gruyere' - court, Mbappe breaks PSG goal record in win over Nantes. Though there is no evidence linking him to a specific killing, prosecutors argue that as a guard he helped the camp function and "supported the insidious and cruel killing of mainly Jewish prisoners.". The perpetrators used these locations for a range of purposes, including forced labor, detention of people deemed to be "enemies of the state," and mass murder. Stutthof trials - Wikipedia Dey was sentenced to two years in prison. American survivor Asia Shindelman, who testified via video link, said she had been taken there with her parents, uncle and grandmother and witnessed prisoners being thrown by guards into electrified fences. [7][8] Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. The land was very wet, almost at sea level. UN negotiating final terms of High Seas Treaty, Tunisia labor union protests President Saied. The event drew an immense crowd of approximately 200,000 people, and due to humanitarian concerns, authorities refrained from organizing further public executions. A report by the Seventh Army, written by Lieutenant Colonel Walter J. Fellenz, mentions a total of 17 guards killed. It was not produced on an industrial scale, but still for utilitarian purpose, Soap made from human corpses Danzig Anatomical Institute, debunked rumours of industrial production of human soap in concentration camps, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps, "History of the concentration camp in Stuttfof", "Stutthof, the first Nazi concentration camp outside Germany", "Mennonites and the Holocaust: From Collaboration to Perpetuation", Datos de 295 Mujeres Pertenecientes a la SS: Christel Bankewitz, Stutthof, "Norske vakter jobbet i Hitlers konsentrasjonsleire", "PHASE II: THE GERMAN OCCUPATION OF ESTONIA IN 19411944", "Klooga Concentration Camp and Holocauts Memorial. Set up immediately upon Germany's September 1, 1939 invasion of Poland and not liberated until after official German capitulation in 1945, Stutthoff handled over 100,000 prisoners during its long service. The trial lasted from March 18, 1946 to May 13, 1946. Rising to the rank of supervisor at 19, she also worked at Auschwitz and Belsen, where she was arrested by British forces in 1945. PoznaGniezno 2011, page 131 . In another cruel punishment - known as making sport - she ordered prisoners to strip before making them perform strenuous exercise in full view of other prisoners, before being beaten. PD-Polish Public Domain. The trial is set to begin in October. ", How nine women escaped from a Nazi death march, Historic ocean treaty agreed after decade of talks, China looks at reforms to deepen Xi's control, Inside the enclave surrounded by pro-Russia forces, 'The nurses wanted me to feel guilty about my abortion, From Afghan TV fame to a US factory floor. In 1943, the Nazis began drafting women because of the shortage of guards. Originally, Stutthof was a civilian internment camp under the Danzig police chief. Most of the original detainees were local Poles and Jews when Stutthof was. (06.11.2018), The man is accused of being complicit in the deaths of 5,230 inmates during a period of almost a year working as a guard at the Stutthof concentration camp. 95-Year-Old Nazi Secretary Charged As Accessory In 10,000 Murders In total, the sub-camps held 110,000 prisoners from 25 countries according to the Jewish Virtual Library. Who is Rod Ponton and why has he gone viral? He added that his "work" had involved cleaning the crematorium, which meant loading bones and other burnt remains onto a cart to be thrown into a trench. Further in the background is the guard SS-Oberscharfhrer Johann Pauls and several Polish kapos. Medycyna na usugach systemu eksterminacji ludnoci w Trzeciej Rzeszy i na terenach okupowanej Polski. Asia Shindelman said many prisoners had to walk hundreds of kilometres with little clothing for the cold weather. A former SS guard at a concentration camp, charged with aiding and abetting hundreds of murders, is standing trial in Mnster's district court. Execution of concentration camp guards at Biskupia Gorka - Wikimedia The Stutthof concentration camp was established by Nazi Germany near the village of the same name, now called Sztutowo and located in Poland's Pomeranian Voivodeship, on 2nd September 1939. Mobile gas wagons were also used to complement the maximum capacity of the gas chamber (150 people per execution) when needed. (17.10.2019). The fifth trial was held before the court in Toru in 1949. "Worst of all were the whips.". Former farmworker Irma Grese had wanted to become a nurse but, at 17, the labour exchange sent her to work at Ravensbrck concentration camp - which held 132,000 women throughout the war. Thousands were taken to the Baltic Sea where they were executed, and many more were killed by the brutal SS guards and officers. Stutthof Concentration Camp, Sztutowo - Tripadvisor But the former nurse became known as the Sadist of Stutthof due to the vicious beatings she meted out to inmates at the camp, in Nazi-occupied Poland. She was recorded to have been 6ft 3 and known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her merciless beatings of female prisoners. He was executed by long-drop hanging by Albert Pierrepoint in Hamelin Prison on October 8, 1946. Manfred Goldberg's younger brother Herman was murdered by the Nazis but Manfred was eventually reunited with his mother, who was also at Stutthof, and later his father too in the UK.
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